DataBaseball
2026

Reference

Glossary

Every statistic here is derived from play-by-play rather than copied from a published table. These are the ones worth defining.

wOBA
Weighted on-base average. Each way of reaching base is worth its measured run value rather than being counted equally, and the scale is solved so league wOBA equals league OBP.
wRC+
Runs created per plate appearance, adjusted for ballpark and league, on a scale where 100 is average and every point is a percent.
dbWAR
This project’s own wins above replacement: batting runs, baserunning and a positional adjustment against replacement level. It contains no fielding.
FIP
Fielding independent pitching. Rebuilds an ERA from only strikeouts, walks, hit batters and home runs — the outcomes a pitcher controls without his defence.
Barrel
A batted ball whose exit velocity and launch angle have historically produced at least a .500 average and 1.500 slugging: 98 mph within 26–30°, widening to 8–50° by 116.
Sweet spot
A batted ball launched between 8 and 32 degrees, the band where hits concentrate, at any exit velocity.
Hard hit
A batted ball struck at 95 mph or better.
Whiff rate
Swings that missed, as a share of swings. SwStr% is the same misses as a share of every pitch thrown.
RISP
Runners in scoring position — a runner on second, third, or both.
RE24
The 24 base-out states, and the runs a team scores on average from each one. Every linear weight here is measured from these rather than assumed.